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1 son corrosion
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > son corrosion
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2 son corrosion
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3 corrosion
1) коррозия, разрушение•-
ac corrosion
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acid corrosion
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active corrosion
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aeration corrosion
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aerobic corrosion
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alkaline corrosion
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anaerobic corrosion
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anode corrosion
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aqueous corrosion
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ash corrosion
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atmosphere corrosion
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bacterial corrosion
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bimetallic corrosion
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blanket corrosion
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brine corrosion
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cathode corrosion
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caustic corrosion
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cavitation corrosion
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channeling corrosion
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chemical corrosion
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chlorine corrosion
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concentration cell corrosion
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concentration corrosion
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condensate corrosion
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contact corrosion
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continuous corrosion
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couple corrosion
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crevice corrosion
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damp atmospheric corrosion
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deep corrosion
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deposition corrosion
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differential aeration corrosion
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differential corrosion
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downhole corrosion
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drop corrosion
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dry atmospheric corrosion
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edge corrosion
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electrochemical corrosion
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electrolytic corrosion
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end corrosion
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equal-rate corrosion
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equal corrosion
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erosion corrosion
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exfoliation corrosion
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external corrosion
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fatigue corrosion
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filiform corrosion
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fireside corrosion
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fluid corrosion
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fretting corrosion
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fuel corrosion
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full immersion corrosion
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galvanic corrosion
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gas-phase corrosion
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gas corrosion
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gas-side corrosion
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grain-boundary corrosion
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graphitic corrosion
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heavy local pitting corrosion
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high-temperature corrosion
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honeycomb corrosion
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hot corrosion
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hot-salt corrosion
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hot-spot corrosion
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hydrogen corrosion
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hydrogen-evolution corrosion
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impingement corrosion
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indoor corrosion
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intercrystalline corrosion
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intragranular corrosion
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isolated corrosion
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knife-line corrosion
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layer corrosion
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leakage-current corrosion
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line corrosion
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lining corrosion
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low-end-temperature corrosion
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marine corrosion
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mechanochemical corrosion
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nonequal-rate corrosion
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nonequal corrosion
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oil corrosion
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organogenic corrosion
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oxygen-adsorption corrosion
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partial immersion corrosion
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patchy corrosion
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penetration corrosion
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pitting corrosion
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pit corrosion
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poultice corrosion
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radiolytic corrosion
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refractory corrosion
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regional corrosion
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sacrificial corrosion
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selective corrosion
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self-sustaining corrosion
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service corrosion
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slag corrosion
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son corrosion
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sour oil corrosion
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spongious corrosion
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steam impingement corrosion
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steamside corrosion
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steam-water corrosion
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stray-current corrosion
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stress corrosion
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sulfur corrosion
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sulfurated hydrogen corrosion
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sweet corrosion
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thermogalvanic corrosion
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transcrystalline corrosion
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trenching corrosion
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tubercular corrosion
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underfilm corrosion
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underground corrosion
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underwater corrosion
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vapor-phase corrosion
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variable immersion corrosion
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waterside corrosion
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wet corrosion -
4 почвенная коррозия
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > почвенная коррозия
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5 почвенная коррозия
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > почвенная коррозия
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6 Stanley, Robert Crooks
[br]b. 1 August 1876 Little Falls, New Jersey, USAd. 12 February 1951 USA[br]American mining engineer and metallurgist, originator of Monel Metal[br]Robert, the son of Thomas and Ada (Crooks) Stanley, helped to finance his early training at the Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, by working as a manual training instructor at Montclair High School. After graduating in mechanical engineering from Stevens in 1899, and as a mining engineer from the Columbia School of Mines in 1901, he accepted a two-year assignment from the S.S.White Dental Company to investigate platinum-bearing alluvial deposits in British Columbia. This introduced him to the International Nickel Company (Inco), which had been established on 29 March 1902 to amalgamate the major mining companies working the newly discovered cupro-nickel deposits at Sudbury, Ontario. Ambrose Monell, President of Inco, appointed Stanley as Assistant Superintendent of its American Nickel Works at Camden, near Philadelphia, in 1903. At the beginning of 1904 Stanley was General Superintendent of the Orford Refinery at Bayonne, New Jersey, where most of the output of the Sudbury mines was treated.Copper and nickel were separated there from the bessemerized matte by the celebrated "tops and bottoms" process introduced thirteen years previously by R.M.Thompson. It soon occurred to Stanley that such a separation was not invariably required and that, by reducing directly the mixed matte, he could obtain a natural cupronickel alloy which would be ductile, corrosion resistant, and no more expensive to produce than pure copper or nickel. His first experiment, on 30 December 1904, was completely successful. A railway wagon full of bessemerized matte, low in iron, was calcined to oxide, reduced to metal with carbon, and finally desulphurized with magnesium. Ingots cast from this alloy were successfully forged to bars which contained 68 per cent nickel, 23 per cent copper and about 1 per cent iron. The new alloy, originally named after Ambrose Monell, was soon renamed Monel to satisfy trademark requirements. A total of 300,000 ft2 (27,870 m2) of this white, corrosion-resistant alloy was used to roof the Pennsylvania Railway Station in New York, and it also found extensive applications in marine work and chemical plant. Stanley greatly increased the output of the Orford Refinery during the First World War, and shortly after becoming President of the company in 1922, he established a new Research and Development Division headed initially by A.J.Wadham and then by Paul D. Merica, who at the US Bureau of Standards had first elucidated the mechanism of age-hardening in alloys. In the mid- 1920s a nickel-ore body of unprecedented size was identified at levels between 2,000 and 3,000 ft (600 and 900 m) below the Frood Mine in Ontario. This property was owned partially by Inco and partially by the Mond Nickel Company. Efficient exploitation required the combined economic resources of both companies. They merged on 1 January 1929, when Mond became part of International Nickel. Stanley remained President of the new company until February 1949 and was Chairman from 1937 until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsAmerican Society for Metals Gold Medal. Institute of Metals Platinum Medal 1948.Further ReadingF.B.Howard-White, 1963, Nickel, London: Methuen (a historical review).ASD -
7 Williams, Thomas
[br]b. 13 May 1737 Cefn Coch, Anglesey, Walesd. 29 November 1802 Bath, England[br]Welsh lawyer, mine-owner and industrialist.[br]Williams was articled by his father, Owen Williams of Treffos in Anglesey, to the prominent Flintshire lawyer John Lloyd, whose daughter Catherine he is believed to have married. By 1769 Williams, lessee of the mansion and estate of Llanidan, was an able lawyer with excellent connections in Anglesey. His life changed dramatically when he agreed to act on behalf of the Lewis and Hughes families of Llysdulas, who had begun a lawsuit against Sir Nicholas Bayly of Plas Newydd concerning the ownership and mineral rights of copper mines on the western side of Parys mountain. During a prolonged period of litigation, Williams managed these mines for Margaret Lewis on behalf of Edward Hughes, who was established after a judgement in Chancery in 1776 as one of two legal proprietors, the other being Nicholas Bayly. The latter then decided to lease his portion to the London banker John Dawes, who in 1778 joined Hughes and Thomas Williams when they founded the Parys Mine Company.As the active partner in this enterprise, Williams began to establish his own smelting and fabricating works in South Wales, Lancashire and Flintshire, where coal was cheap. He soon broke the power of Associated Smelters, a combine holding the Anglesey mine owners to ransom. The low production cost of Anglesey ore gave him a great advantage over the Cornish mines and he secured very profitable contracts for the copper sheathing of naval and other vessels. After several British and French copper-bottomed ships were lost because of corrosion failure of the iron nails and bolts used to secure the sheathing, Williams introduced a process for manufacturing heavily work-hardened copper bolts and spikes which could be substituted directly for iron fixings, avoiding the corrosion difficulty. His new product was adopted by the Admiralty in 1784 and was soon used extensively in British and European dockyards.In 1785 Williams entered into partnership with Lord Uxbridge, son and heir of Nicholas Bayly, to run the Mona Mine Company at the Eastern end of Parys Mountain. This move ended much enmity and litigation and put Williams in effective control of all Anglesey copper. In the same year, Williams, with Matthew Boulton and John Wilkinson, persuaded the Cornish miners to establish a trade cooperative, the Cornish Metal Company, to market their ores. When this began to fall in 1787, Williams took over its administration, assets and stocks and until 1792 controlled the output and sale of all British copper. He became known as the "Copper King" and the output of his many producers was sold by the Copper Offices he established in London, Liverpool and Birmingham. In 1790 he became Member of Parliament for the borough of Great Marlow, and in 1792 he and Edward Hughes established the Chester and North Wales Bank, which in 1900 was absorbed by the Lloyds group.After 1792 the output of the Anglesey mines started to decline and Williams began to buy copper from all available sources. The price of copper rose and he was accused of abusing his monopoly. By this time, however, his health had begun to deteriorate and he retreated to Bath.[br]Further ReadingJ.R.Harris, 1964, The "Copper King", Liverpool University Press.ASD
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